Muzzle velocity, the speed at which a projectile leaves the barrel of a firearm, varies significantly for handgun ammunition. This speed, typically measured in feet per second and often converted to miles per hour, depends on factors like bullet weight, powder load, barrel length, and the specific cartridge used. For example, a .22 Long Rifle round might have a muzzle velocity of around 1,000 feet per second, while a .44 Magnum could exceed 1,500 feet per second. These velocities translate to roughly 680 mph and 1,020 mph respectively.
Understanding projectile speed is crucial in fields like ballistics, forensics, and hunting. It influences trajectory calculations, determining how gravity and air resistance affect the bullet’s path. This information is essential for accurate shooting, crime scene reconstruction, and understanding the impact of ammunition on targets. Historically, advancements in propellants and bullet design have led to increases in muzzle velocity, impacting the effectiveness and lethality of firearms.