Small-gauge ammunition loaded with tiny lead or steel pellets is commonly used for pest control and short-range target shooting. This type of ammunition typically uses a .22 rimfire cartridge, a small, self-contained cartridge suitable for low-powered firearms.
The effectiveness of this ammunition lies in its ability to deliver a dense pattern of shot over short distances, making it ideal for dispatching small pests like rodents or birds without excessive penetration or damage to surrounding property. Historically, similar small-bore cartridges loaded with shot have been employed for hunting small game and for inexpensive recreational shooting. This continues to be a popular choice for introducing novice shooters to firearms due to the minimal recoil and relatively low cost.